Breaking Down the Buzz: The Health Benefits of Craft Beer

Craft beer has become increasingly popular in recent years, with microbreweries and taprooms popping up in cities across the country. While many people enjoy craft beer for its unique flavors and high-quality ingredients, some may not be aware of the potential health benefits that come with drinking it in moderation. In this article, we’ll explore the science behind the buzz and break down some of the ways craft beer can benefit your health.

One of the primary health benefits of craft beer is its antioxidant content. Antioxidants are compounds that help to protect your body against free radicals, which can cause cellular damage and increase the risk of chronic diseases like cancer and heart disease. Craft beer contains a variety of antioxidants, including polyphenols, which are found in the hops and barley used to brew beer. Studies have shown that these compounds can help to reduce inflammation, improve blood vessel function, and lower blood pressure.

In addition to its antioxidant content, craft beer may also be beneficial for gut health. Like many fermented foods, beer contains live cultures of bacteria that can help to promote a healthy gut microbiome. A healthy gut microbiome has been linked to a range of health benefits, including improved digestion, better immune function, and even a reduced risk of depression. While drinking too much beer can have a negative effect on gut health, enjoying a pint or two of craft beer in moderation may actually be good for your gut.

Craft beer may also be a good source of B vitamins, which are essential for energy metabolism and the functioning of the nervous system. These vitamins are found in the yeast used to ferment beer, and some studies have shown that they may help to reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and cognitive decline. While B vitamins can also be found in other foods, craft beer can be a tasty and convenient way to get a dose of these important nutrients.

Of course, it’s important to remember that drinking too much beer can have negative effects on your health. Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of liver disease, certain types of cancer, and other health problems. However, when enjoyed in moderation, craft beer can be a flavorful and potentially beneficial addition to a healthy diet.

Craft beer may offer a range of health benefits, from its antioxidant content to its potential positive effects on gut health and B vitamin content. However, it’s important to enjoy craft beer in moderation and as part of a healthy lifestyle. By choosing high-quality craft beers made with fresh, whole ingredients, you can sip your way to better health and enjoy the unique flavors and aromas of this beloved beverage.

When it comes to choosing craft beer for its health benefits, there are a few key things to keep in mind. First, look for beers that are made with whole, natural ingredients and avoid those that contain added sugars or artificial flavors. Beers that are brewed with high-quality hops and barley are likely to contain more antioxidants and other beneficial compounds.

Second, choose beers that are lower in alcohol content. While many craft beers have a higher alcohol content than mass-produced beers, excessive alcohol consumption can have negative effects on health. Look for beers with an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 6% or less, and enjoy them in moderation.

Finally, be aware of the calorie content of your beer. While craft beer can be a delicious and enjoyable part of a healthy diet, it’s important to keep track of your overall calorie intake. Beers that are high in alcohol or sugar can be calorie-dense, so opt for lighter beers or enjoy a smaller portion size.

Overall, craft beer can offer a range of potential health benefits when enjoyed in moderation as part of a healthy lifestyle. From its antioxidant content to its potential positive effects on gut health and B vitamin content, craft beer can be a tasty and convenient way to support your overall health and wellbeing. So next time you’re looking to unwind with a cold one, consider reaching for a delicious craft beer and toasting to your health.

Health Benefits of Craft Beer

Here are some potential health benefits of craft beer:

1. Rich in antioxidants: Craft beer is rich in antioxidants, which can help protect your cells from damage caused by free radicals.
2. Contains B vitamins: Many types of craft beer contain B vitamins, which are essential for maintaining a healthy nervous system, producing red blood cells, and converting food into energy.
3. May improve heart health: Moderate consumption of craft beer has been linked to a reduced risk of heart disease. The polyphenols in beer can help lower cholesterol levels and improve blood flow.
4. Can reduce inflammation: The hops in craft beer contain compounds called humulones, which have anti-inflammatory properties.
5. May improve gut health: Craft beer contains probiotics that can help improve gut health and digestion.
6. Can reduce stress: Drinking a moderate amount of craft beer can help reduce stress and anxiety, thanks to the relaxing effects of alcohol.
7. May help prevent osteoporosis: Beer contains silicon, which is essential for bone health and can help prevent osteoporosis.

It’s important to note that while craft beer can offer some potential health benefits, excessive consumption can have negative effects on health. Always drink in moderation and consult with your healthcare provider if you have any concerns.

Craft beer can offer a range of potential health benefits when enjoyed in moderation as part of a healthy lifestyle. Here are some potential health-based craft beer options to consider:

1. Low-alcohol beer: Many craft breweries now offer low-alcohol beers with an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 4% or less. These beers can be a great option for those looking to enjoy a beer without consuming too much alcohol.
2. Gluten-free beer: Craft breweries are increasingly offering gluten-free beer options for those with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. These beers are made with gluten-free grains like rice or sorghum and can still offer a delicious and refreshing beer experience.
3. Kombucha beer: Kombucha is a fermented tea that is often touted for its health benefits. Some craft breweries are now incorporating kombucha into their beer, creating a unique and flavorful drink that is rich in probiotics.
4. Sour beer: Sour beer has become increasingly popular in recent years, thanks in part to its potential health benefits. Sour beer is often brewed with lactobacillus, a probiotic that can help improve gut health.
5. Fruit-infused beer: Many craft breweries are now infusing their beer with fruits like berries, cherries, or citrus. These beers can be a great source of vitamins and antioxidants, and they offer a delicious and refreshing way to enjoy a cold beer on a hot day.

There are many health-based craft beer options to choose from. Whether you’re looking for a low-alcohol option, a gluten-free beer, or a probiotic-rich sour beer, there is likely a craft brewery that offers a beer to suit your needs and tastes. As always, drink in moderation and consult with your healthcare provider if you have any concerns.

Craft beer has long been a beloved beverage, known for its unique and complex flavors. But did you know that craft beer can also offer a range of potential health benefits? Here are some of the top health-based craft beer options to consider.

Low-alcohol beer: Low-alcohol craft beer has become increasingly popular in recent years. These beers typically have an ABV (alcohol by volume) of 4% or less, making them a great option for those looking to enjoy a beer without consuming too much alcohol. Low-alcohol beer can also be a good option for those who are watching their calorie intake.

Gluten-free beer: Gluten-free craft beer is a great option for those with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. These beers are made with gluten-free grains like rice or sorghum and can still offer a delicious and refreshing beer experience. Many craft breweries now offer gluten-free options, so be sure to ask your local brewery if they have any gluten-free beers on tap.

Kombucha beer: Kombucha is a fermented tea that is often touted for its health benefits. Some craft breweries are now incorporating kombucha into their beer, creating a unique and flavorful drink that is rich in probiotics. Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help improve gut health and boost the immune system.

Sour beer: Sour beer has become increasingly popular in recent years, thanks in part to its potential health benefits. Sour beer is often brewed with lactobacillus, a probiotic that can help improve gut health. These beers have a tart and tangy flavor profile that is sure to tantalize your taste buds.

Fruit-infused beer: Fruit-infused craft beer can be a great source of vitamins and antioxidants. Many craft breweries are now infusing their beer with fruits like berries, cherries, or citrus. These beers offer a delicious and refreshing way to enjoy a cold beer on a hot day while also providing a boost of nutrients.

In conclusion, there are many health-based craft beer options to choose from. Whether you’re looking for a low-alcohol option, a gluten-free beer, or a probiotic-rich sour beer, there is likely a craft brewery that offers a beer to suit your needs and tastes. As always, drink in moderation and consult with your healthcare provider if you have any concerns. Cheers to your health!

Gut Health

Gut health has become an increasingly popular topic in the health and wellness community. The gut, or digestive tract, is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients. It is also home to trillions of bacteria and other microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiome. The health of the gut microbiome has been linked to a range of health conditions, from digestive issues to immune system function and mental health.

Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help improve gut health. These can be found in fermented foods like yogurt, kefir, and sauerkraut, as well as in supplements. Probiotics can help balance the gut microbiome by introducing beneficial bacteria into the digestive tract, which can help improve digestion and boost immune function.

Prebiotics are a type of fiber that can help feed the beneficial bacteria in the gut. These can be found in foods like bananas, onions, and garlic. Eating a diet rich in prebiotic foods can help support a healthy gut microbiome and improve overall gut health.

In addition to diet, lifestyle factors like stress, lack of sleep, and alcohol consumption can also affect gut health. Chronic stress can disrupt the balance of the gut microbiome, while lack of sleep can lead to inflammation in the gut. Drinking alcohol in excess can also harm the gut microbiome and contribute to digestive issues.

Gut health is an important aspect of overall health and wellness. Probiotics and prebiotics can help support a healthy gut microbiome, while lifestyle factors like stress and alcohol consumption can harm it. Eating a diet rich in fiber and fermented foods, getting enough sleep, and managing stress can all help support a healthy gut. By taking care of your gut, you can improve your digestion, boost your immune system, and even support your mental health.

Research suggests that moderate beer consumption can have positive effects on gut health. Beer contains live yeast and other beneficial bacteria, which can help promote a healthy gut microbiome. This microbiome is crucial for proper digestion, immune system function, and mental health.

Low-alcohol craft beers are particularly beneficial for gut health. They are made with a lower alcohol content, which means they contain less sugar and are easier for the body to digest. This can help prevent inflammation in the gut and reduce the risk of developing digestive issues like Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).

Gluten-free craft beers are also an excellent option for those with gluten intolerance or celiac disease. Gluten is a protein found in grains like wheat, barley, and rye, which can cause digestive issues for some people. Gluten-free beers are made with alternative grains like rice or sorghum, making them easier for the body to digest and less likely to cause inflammation in the gut.

Craft beer can be a healthy addition to a balanced diet and lifestyle, with potential benefits for gut health. The live yeast and beneficial bacteria found in craft beer can help promote a healthy gut microbiome, which is important for proper digestion, immune system function, and mental health. Choosing low-alcohol or gluten-free options can further enhance the positive effects of craft beer on gut health. However, it’s important to consume alcohol in moderation and as part of a healthy lifestyle, as excessive consumption can have negative effects on overall health.

In Summary

In conclusion, craft beer can have positive effects on gut health, as it contains live yeast and beneficial bacteria that can promote a healthy gut microbiome. Low-alcohol and gluten-free options can be particularly beneficial for those with digestive issues. Kombucha beer, which is infused with probiotics and antioxidants, is another great option for promoting gut health. However, it’s important to consume craft beer in moderation and as part of a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle. Overall, incorporating craft beer into a healthy lifestyle can provide a tasty way to promote gut health and overall well-being.

It’s worth noting that while moderate consumption of craft beer can have potential health benefits, excessive consumption can have negative effects on gut health and overall health. Drinking in moderation means no more than one to two drinks per day for men and one drink per day for women. It’s also important to consult with a healthcare professional if you have any digestive issues or health concerns before incorporating craft beer into your diet. With a balanced approach, craft beer can be a tasty addition to a healthy lifestyle that promotes gut health and overall well-being.

(We are not medical professionals here at The Beer Thrillers, so please be advised that this article was written via research on the internet, and not written by a trained medical professional. Also, with alcohol, moderation is always a very heavy factor. Never drink beyond your abilities or to the point of detriment.)

A Series of Craft Beer Articles

This is just one of several in a series of over arching ‘craft beer’ related articles. Several alone in a ‘flagship’ series. In the next few weeks there will be some more that come out as well. I would like to have this general level of different ‘craft beer articles’ that everyone can kind of jump to and read and use for informative purposes, and give a better understanding for the other articles on the site.

Some of these articles are about definitions (like “What is Craft Beer?“) and others are about Craft Breweries in general like the Top 50 Producing Craft Breweries, etc.

• The Battle of the Breweries (2023) Winner Is
• Top 50 Overall Brewing Companies in the United States (2023)
• Top 50 Craft Brewing Companies in the United States (2023)
• What is Craft Beer?
• I’ve Missed Drinking (A Look at Non Alcoholic Beers)
• The Rise of Non-Alcoholic Beer: A Guide to the Best Non Alcoholic Brews
• Best Non-Alcoholic Beers For 2021
• Craft Beer 101: Your Guide to the World of Small – Batch Brewing
• How to Build Your Own Homebrew: A Comprehensive Guide for Craft Beer Enthusiasts
• Brewing a Traditional Lithuanian Farmhouse Beer – Keptinis
• Human Robot – Milko Pour – A Look at Milk Pours
• Hemp and Beer – Happy 4:20 Day
• Map of Maine Breweries
• Map of New Hampshire Breweries
• Map of Vermont Breweries
• Sipping on Tradition: A Guide to Craft Beer Flagship Beers
• Discovering the Best Independent Breweries with Beer Drop Craft Beer Subscription Service
• Breaking Down the Buzz: The Health Benefits of Craft Beer

Thank You For Reading

As always, thank you everyone for reading! Leave your likes, comments, suggestions, questions, etc, in the comments section. Or use the Feedback – Contact Us – page, and we’ll get right back to you! You can also reach out to us at our direct e-mail address: thebeerthrillers@gmail.com

Thank you for visiting our blog. Please make sure to follow, bookmark, subscribe, and make sure to comment and leave feedback and like the blog posts you read. It will help us to better tailor the blog to you, the readers, likes and make this a better blog for everyone.

You can check out our different directories here: Beer Reviews, Hike Reviews, Book Reviews, Brewery News, Brewery Openings, Brewer Interviews, and Travelogues.

Please be sure to follow us on our social media accounts – Facebook, Facebook Group, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and Influence. Please be sure to also follow, like, subscribe to the blog here itself to keep updated. We love to hear from you guys, so be sure to leave a comment and let us know what you think!

You can now find us on our Discord Server here: The Beer Thrillers (Discord Server). We’ve also joined LinkTree to keep track of all of our social media pages, as well as hot new articles we’ve written.

We have partnered with an affiliateship with Beer Drop.com. You can check out that partnership and receive great discounts, coupons, and more here: Beer Drop. Going here and logging in and ordering will help you receive your discounts and coupons as well as help support our page. Thank you for helping to support The Beer Thrillers and to help us maintain the site and blog and to keep it running.

The Beer Thrillers are a blog that prides itself on writing beer reviews, brewery reviews, travelogues, news (especially local to the Central PA brewery scene), as well as covering other topics of our interests – such as hiking, literature and books, board games, and video games which we sometimes stream with our friends over at Knights of Nostalgia. We are currently listed as #7 on FeedSpot’s “Top 100 Beer Blogs” and #8 on FeedSpot’s “Top 40 Pennsylvania Blogs”. (As of January 2023.) Thank you for reading our site today, please subscribe, follow, and bookmark. Please reach out to us if you are interested in working together. If you would like to donate to the blog you can here: Donate to The Beer Thrillers. Thank you!

You can also check out our partnership and affiliation with Pretzels.com, where ordering pretzels and using our affiliate code – AFFILIATE CODE IS THEBEERTHRILLERS20 – will help you get wonderful pretzels and help us maintain and keep this blog running. Thank you!

If you would like to reach out to us for product reviews, beer reviews, press release writing, and other media – please contact us at thebeerthrillers@gmail.com. Thank you.

A nice pint of Guinness Stout

When it comes to the age-old advice passed down through generations, one intriguing recommendation for breastfeeding mothers is the consumption of stout beers. The rich, dark brew is often believed to help increase milk supply. But is there any truth to this, or is it simply a well-loved myth? Let’s dive into the details.

The Historical Context

The idea that certain stouts can aid in breastfeeding isn’t new. Historically, dark beers like stouts have been thought to boost milk production due to their higher levels of barley and hops. While the scientific evidence supporting this is limited, many mothers swear by this practice.

Top Stouts Often Recommended

Here are a few stouts that are frequently mentioned in discussions about breastfeeding:

Guinness Draught

Guinness is often recommended due to its relatively low alcohol content and rich nutritional profile. This classic Irish stout is smooth and easy to drink, making it a popular choice.

Oatmeal Stouts

Oatmeal stouts are believed to be beneficial because oats are known to support milk production. Here are two popular options:

• Samuel Smith’s Oatmeal Stout: This stout has a rich, creamy texture and a slight sweetness that pairs well with its roasted malt flavor.
• Founders Breakfast Stout: With notes of coffee and chocolate, this stout is a favorite among beer enthusiasts.

Milk Stouts

Milk stouts contain lactose, a sugar derived from milk, which can be beneficial for milk production. Here are some examples:

• Left Hand Milk Stout: This stout is known for its creamy mouthfeel and slightly sweet finish.
• Mackeson’s XXX Milk Stout: This classic milk stout is smooth and rich, with a touch of sweetness from the lactose.

Important Considerations

While the idea of enjoying a stout to boost milk production is appealing, there are some important considerations to keep in mind:

Moderation is Key

Alcohol consumption should be limited while breastfeeding. The CDC suggests no more than one standard drink per day and waiting at least 2 hours after a single drink before breastfeeding to ensure the alcohol has left your system.

Alcohol-Free Options

For those who prefer to avoid alcohol altogether, there are many non-alcoholic stouts and beers that can provide the same psychological benefit without the alcohol content.

Nutrition and Hydration

A well-balanced diet and staying hydrated are crucial for milk production. Ensure you’re getting enough fluids and nutrients to support both you and your baby.

Six Stouts to Try While Breastfeeding

Stout isn’t just a delicious dark beer that can drink like a meal. It’s also long been believed to be a breastfeeding new mom’s best friend. While some studies warn against nursing mothers consuming alcohol, many doctors believe the occasional drink doesn’t hurt. In certain cultures, dark beer is even considered beneficial: It’s been used to increase the flow of breast milk since the ancient Egyptians started brewing beer 5,000 years ago.

There’s some science behind this belief. Barley, a main ingredient in stout, contains a polysaccharide that increases prolactin, a milk-production hormone. Oats, another common ingredient in stouts, are also thought to promote healthy milk supply, as is vitamin-B-heavy brewer’s yeast. Of course, a beer with a mild proof is the best option for new moms––milk stouts tend to have reasonable ABVs.

These six creamy milk and oatmeal stouts will please those feeding tiny humans from their own bodies and anyone else who appreciates good beer.

1. Copper Kettle Milk Stout ($11 per six-pack)

Made with actual lactose, the ingredient that gives milk stout its name and creamy character, this brew is sweet and malty. While it doesn’t actually taste like milk, this Denver beer has a chocolate milk character and velvety mouthfeel that’s pretty irresistible. At 5.6% ABV, why resist?

2. Finkel & Garf Oatmeal Milk Stout ($9 per six-pack)

From craft-beer-loving Colorado, this oatmeal milk stout is less sweet than a typical milk stout but not quite as heavy as an oatmeal stout. It drinks more like a main course than dessert, but isn’t overly filling. At 5.5% ABV, it shows satisfying malty, coffee, and chocolatey notes.

3. Guinness Milk Stout ($11 per six-pack)

Guinness released its milk stout as part of The Brewers Project series. Using the same yeast base as classic Guinness, this stout offers a kiss of sweetness from the addition of milk sugars, plus bittering hops and roasted barley. It’s smooth and creamy with a toasty chocolate milk undertone. Not quite as low ABV as the original, which clocks in at 4.2%, the 5.3% milk stout is undeniably sessionable.

4. Left Hand Milk Stout ($10 per six-pack)

With roasted barley, flaked oats, and flaked barley, this delightful milk stout is rich and chocolaty thanks, in no small part, to the addition of actual chocolate. At 6% ABV, it’s surprisingly approachable with its sweet, toasty notes and seductive mocha character.

5. Samuel Smith Oatmeal Stout ($12 per four-pack)

This 5% ABV beer contains hops, malted barley, brewer’s yeast, and oats, making it your classic oatmeal stout recipe. Each batch is fermented in stone Yorkshire squares in the oldest brewery in Tadcaster, England. The result is a refreshing and filling drink with a smooth and bittersweet finish.

6. Sand Creek Oscar’s Chocolate Oatmeal Stout ($7.50 per six-pack)

Oatmeal, chocolate, and barley sound like the components of a breakfast of champions, but they also come together beautifully in dark beer. This nutty, slightly sweet Wisconsin brew caps at 5.6% ABV. It’s “full-bodied yet smooth-drinking,” according to the brewer.

Final Thoughts

While some mothers find that enjoying a stout helps with milk production, it’s essential to approach this practice with caution. Always consult with a healthcare provider or a lactation consultant before making any changes to your diet or alcohol consumption while breastfeeding.

Ultimately, whether it’s for the potential benefits or simply for the love of a good craft beer, enjoying a well-crafted stout can be a delightful experience. Cheers to happy and healthy breastfeeding!

Guinness Articles

• Beer Review: Baltimore Blonde (Guinness Open Gate Brewery)

• Guinness Brewing is Closing Their Maryland Production Facility

• Beer Review: Guinness Draught (Guinness Open Gate Brewery)

Thank You For Reading

If you like this article, please check out our other many articles, including news, beer reviews, travelogues, maps, and much much more. We greatly appreciate everyone visiting the site!

Cheers.

Thanks again for reading everyone. Take some time to check out the site, we greatly appreciate it. We have affiliates and sponsors with Pretzels.com and Beer Drop.com, which can save you money on their products if you are interested. Check out our articles on them. Make sure to check out our beer reviews, brewery reviews, Amy’s weekly column, book reviews, hike reviews, and so much more.

As always, thank you everyone for reading! Leave your likes, comments, suggestions, questions, etc, in the comments section. Or use the Feedback – Contact Us – page, and we’ll get right back to you! You can also reach out to us at our direct e-mail address: thebeerthrillers@gmail.com

Thank you for visiting our blog. Please make sure to follow, bookmark, subscribe, and make sure to comment and leave feedback and like the blog posts you read. It will help us to better tailor the blog to you, the readers, likes and make this a better blog for everyone.

We are working on a massive project here at The Beer Thrillers. We are creating a map of all of the breweries across the United States. State by state we are adding maps of all of the different states with every brewery in each state. (We will eventually get to the US Territories, as well as the Canadian Provinces, and possibly more countries; as well as doing some fun maps like a map of all the breweries we’ve been to, and other fun maps.) You can find the brewery maps here:

• MAPS OF BREWERIES

We are also working on a project of creating printable and downloadable PDFs and resources to be able to check and keep track of all of the breweries you’ve been to. So stay tuned for that project once we are finished with the Brewery Maps of the US States.

You can check out our different directories here: Beer Reviews, Hike Reviews, Book Reviews, Brewery News, Brewery Openings, Brewer Interviews, and Travelogues.

Please be sure to follow us on our social media accounts – Facebook, Facebook Group, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and Influence. As well as our brand new Tumblr page. Please be sure to also follow, like, subscribe to the blog here itself to keep updated. We love to hear from you guys, so be sure to leave a comment and let us know what you think!

You can now find us on our Discord Server here: The Beer Thrillers (Discord Server). We’ve also joined LinkTree to keep track of all of our social media pages, as well as hot new articles we’ve written.

The Beer Thrillers on LinkTree can be found here: The Beer Thrillers LinkTree.

We have partnered with an affiliateship with Beer Drop.com. You can check out that partnership and receive great discounts, coupons, and more here: Beer Drop. Going here and logging in and ordering will help you receive your discounts and coupons as well as help support our page. Thank you for helping to support The Beer Thrillers and to help us maintain the site and blog and to keep it running.

The Beer Thrillers are a blog that prides itself on writing beer reviews, brewery reviews, travelogues, news (especially local to the Central PA brewery scene), as well as covering other topics of our interests – such as hiking, literature and books, board games, and video games which we sometimes stream with our friends over at Knights of Nostalgia. We are currently listed as #7 on FeedSpot’s “Top 100 Beer Blogs” and #8 on FeedSpot’s “Top 40 Pennsylvania Blogs”. (As of January 2023.) Thank you for reading our site today, please subscribe, follow, and bookmark. Please reach out to us if you are interested in working together. If you would like to donate to the blog you can here: Donate to The Beer Thrillers. Thank you!

You can also check out our partnership and affiliation with Pretzels.com, where ordering pretzels and using our affiliate code – AFFILIATE CODE IS THEBEERTHRILLERS20 – will help you get wonderful pretzels and help us maintain and keep this blog running. Thank you!

If you would like to reach out to us for product reviews, beer reviews, press release writing, and other media – please contact us at thebeerthrillers@gmail.com. Thank you.

(Thank you for reading. The opinions, thoughts, and expressions of each article posted on The Beer Thrillers represents the author of the content and only themselves. It does not express the opinions, beliefs, or ideas held by The Beer Thrillers or any company in which the author themselves work for. Each piece of written content is written by the creator(s) listed in the authorial section on each article unless otherwise noted. Their opinions, comments, and words on screen do not represent any company in which they work for and / or are affiliated with or any non – profits that they contribute to. Thank you.)